Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Structural formula of D-galactose.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques:

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. D-galactose induces senescence in mice. (A) D-galactose causes hair senescence in mice. (B) D-galactose causes weight gain in mice. NS represents P>0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. D-galactose decreased SAN and heart function in mice. (A) Electrocardiogram. (B) Echocardiogram. (C) Cerebral blood flux. (D) Heart rate in the indicated groups. (E, F) LVEF and LVFS in the indicated groups. (G) BNP assay results for the indicated groups. (H) Cerebral blood flux results for the indicated groups. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: B-type Natriuretic Peptide Assay, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. D-galactose causes fibrosis of sinoatrial node and myocardium. (A) Masson’s trichrome staining of sinoatrial node (Scale = 50 μm) and myocardium (Scale = 20 μm). (B) CVF of sinoatrial node. (C) CVF of myocardium. Black arrow represents the artery of sinoatrial node; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Staining, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. D-galactose induces oxidative stress in the sinoatrial node. (A, B) DHE staining results for the indicated groups. Scale = 50 μm. (C, D) SOD and MDA assay results for the indicated groups. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D- galactose: D-galactose administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Staining, Multiple Displacement Amplification, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Oxidative stress causes If channel abnormality. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of the SAN. Scale = 100 μm. (B) Western blotting assay. (C) Results of immunofluorescence staining. (D, E) Results of Western blotting assay. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. D-galactose causes cell senescence. (A, B) Results of P16 immunofluorescence staining. Scale = 20 μm. (C, D) Results of β-galactosidase staining. Scale = 100 μm. ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group; Edaravone: D-galactose+Edaravone administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. D-galactose causes cell peroxidation and decreased mitochondrial function. (A) Mito-tracker and DCFH-DA staining results for the indicated groups. Scale = 20 μm. (B, C) Staining results for the indicated groups. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group; Edaravone: D-galactose+Edaravone administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Staining, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 9. D-galactose causes cell cycle and proliferation abnormalities. (A, B) Results of cell cycle assay. (C) CCK-8 assay results for the indicated groups. NS represents P>0.05; * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group; Edaravone: D-galactose+Edaravone administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Cell Cycle Assay, CCK-8 Assay, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 10. D-galactose causes abnormal expression of pacing-related gene. (A–D) RT-qPCR results for the indicated groups. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group; Edaravone: D-galactose+Edaravone administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 11. ROS scavenging and Pitx2 silencing improves pacemaker ion channel. (A, B) Immunofluorescence staining results for the indicated groups. Scale = 20 μm. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose administered group; Edaravone: D-galactose+Edaravone administered group; si-NC: si-NC transfection+D-galactose administered group; si-Pitx2: si-Pitx2 transfection+D-galactose administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Control, Transfection

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 12. Results of Western blotting assay. (A, B) Results of Western blotting and statistical analysis. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose-administered group; Edaravone: D-galactose+Edaravone-administered group; si-NC: si-NC transfection + D-galactose-administered group; si-Pitx2: si-Pitx2 transfection + D-galactose-administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Transfection

Journal: Aging

Article Title: D-galactose causes sinoatrial node dysfunction: from phenotype to mechanism.

doi: 10.18632/aging.205196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 13. ROS scavenging and PITX2 silencing improves pulsatile function in hiPSC-CMs. (A) Field potential traces of hiPSC-AMs at 48h. (B, C) Relative trend of beat rate and field potential duration. (D, E) Beat rate and field potential duration of hiPSC-AMs at 48h. * represents P<0.05; ** represents P<0.01; Control: control group; D-galactose: D-galactose-administered group; Edaravone: D-galactose+Edaravone-administered group; si-NC: si-NC transfection+D-galactose administered group; si-PITX2: si-PITX2 transfection+D- galactose-administered group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose (T0591, purity: 99.84%) was purchased from Topscience Medicine Technology (China), while C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Changsheng Biotechnology (China, Production License: SCXK (Liao) 2020-0001), and raised with no dietary restrictions.

Techniques: Control, Transfection

Journal: Annals of Translational Medicine

Article Title: The effect of low frequency and low intensity ultrasound combined with microbubbles on the sonoporation efficiency of MDA-MB-231 cells

doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.155

Figure Lengend Snippet: Factors and levels of the experimental protocol

Article Snippet: Microbubble dose, irradiation time, and acoustic intensity were adjusted to observe differences between the bioeffects demonstrated. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 Level Factors Sound intensity (a), mW/cm 2 Irradiation time (b), min Microbubble dose (c), mL 1 230 1 0 2 300 2 0.2 3 370 3 0.4 4 0.6 5 0.8 6 1 Open in a separate window caption a8 Factors and levels of the experimental protocol Fluorescence positive rate and cell survival rate After irradiation, the cells are washed with PBS 3 times, and the entry of fluorescent reagent FD4 at different treatment levels was observed under the EVOSTM M5000 Imaging System (Thermo Fisher Science, USA).

Techniques: Irradiation

Journal: Annals of Translational Medicine

Article Title: The effect of low frequency and low intensity ultrasound combined with microbubbles on the sonoporation efficiency of MDA-MB-231 cells

doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.155

Figure Lengend Snippet: FD4 fluorescent positive cells showed bright green fluorescence in the fluorescence mode, while non-stained cells did not. Fluorescence staining results in the blank control group, ultrasound irradiation groups and ultrasound irradiation combined with microbubble group are shown in A,B,C,D,E,F,G: (A) fluorescence staining result in the blank control group that microbubbles and ultrasound irradiation are not added; (B,C,D,E,F,G): irradiated by ultrasound (370 mW/cm2, 1 minute) and 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mL microbubbles are added respectively.

Article Snippet: Microbubble dose, irradiation time, and acoustic intensity were adjusted to observe differences between the bioeffects demonstrated. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 Level Factors Sound intensity (a), mW/cm 2 Irradiation time (b), min Microbubble dose (c), mL 1 230 1 0 2 300 2 0.2 3 370 3 0.4 4 0.6 5 0.8 6 1 Open in a separate window caption a8 Factors and levels of the experimental protocol Fluorescence positive rate and cell survival rate After irradiation, the cells are washed with PBS 3 times, and the entry of fluorescent reagent FD4 at different treatment levels was observed under the EVOSTM M5000 Imaging System (Thermo Fisher Science, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Staining, Control, Irradiation

Journal: Annals of Translational Medicine

Article Title: The effect of low frequency and low intensity ultrasound combined with microbubbles on the sonoporation efficiency of MDA-MB-231 cells

doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.155

Figure Lengend Snippet: Positive rate of cell fluorescence staining at different levels of 3 factors: x-positive rate of fluorescence staining, (A) ultrasound intensity, (B) irradiation time, (C) microbubble dose.

Article Snippet: Microbubble dose, irradiation time, and acoustic intensity were adjusted to observe differences between the bioeffects demonstrated. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 Level Factors Sound intensity (a), mW/cm 2 Irradiation time (b), min Microbubble dose (c), mL 1 230 1 0 2 300 2 0.2 3 370 3 0.4 4 0.6 5 0.8 6 1 Open in a separate window caption a8 Factors and levels of the experimental protocol Fluorescence positive rate and cell survival rate After irradiation, the cells are washed with PBS 3 times, and the entry of fluorescent reagent FD4 at different treatment levels was observed under the EVOSTM M5000 Imaging System (Thermo Fisher Science, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Staining, Irradiation

Journal: Annals of Translational Medicine

Article Title: The effect of low frequency and low intensity ultrasound combined with microbubbles on the sonoporation efficiency of MDA-MB-231 cells

doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.155

Figure Lengend Snippet: Statistical analysis results (P values) of the 3 factors on the fluorescence staining positive rate respectively. a, ultrasound intensity; b, irradiation time; c, microbubble dose.

Article Snippet: Microbubble dose, irradiation time, and acoustic intensity were adjusted to observe differences between the bioeffects demonstrated. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 Level Factors Sound intensity (a), mW/cm 2 Irradiation time (b), min Microbubble dose (c), mL 1 230 1 0 2 300 2 0.2 3 370 3 0.4 4 0.6 5 0.8 6 1 Open in a separate window caption a8 Factors and levels of the experimental protocol Fluorescence positive rate and cell survival rate After irradiation, the cells are washed with PBS 3 times, and the entry of fluorescent reagent FD4 at different treatment levels was observed under the EVOSTM M5000 Imaging System (Thermo Fisher Science, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Staining, Irradiation

Journal: Annals of Translational Medicine

Article Title: The effect of low frequency and low intensity ultrasound combined with microbubbles on the sonoporation efficiency of MDA-MB-231 cells

doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.155

Figure Lengend Snippet: The optimal parameter combination of the 3 factors. (A) The positive rate of fluorescence at different sound intensities when the irradiation time was 2 minutes and 0.6 mL of microbubbles were added; (B) the positive rate of fluorescence at different irradiation times when the ultrasound intensity and microbubbles were 300 mW/cm2 and 0.6 mL respectively; (C) the positive rate of fluorescence at different microbubble concentrations when ultrasound intensity and irradiation time were 300 mW/cm2 and 2 minutes respectively.

Article Snippet: Microbubble dose, irradiation time, and acoustic intensity were adjusted to observe differences between the bioeffects demonstrated. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 Level Factors Sound intensity (a), mW/cm 2 Irradiation time (b), min Microbubble dose (c), mL 1 230 1 0 2 300 2 0.2 3 370 3 0.4 4 0.6 5 0.8 6 1 Open in a separate window caption a8 Factors and levels of the experimental protocol Fluorescence positive rate and cell survival rate After irradiation, the cells are washed with PBS 3 times, and the entry of fluorescent reagent FD4 at different treatment levels was observed under the EVOSTM M5000 Imaging System (Thermo Fisher Science, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Irradiation